What is the Origin of Atrial Fibrillation?

The understanding of irregular heart rhythms dates back to early clinical observations, but the specific electrophysiological basis of atrial fibrillation was elucidated with the advent of modern cardiac electrophysiology in the 20th century. The term itself describes the quivering or uncoordinated contraction (fibrillation) of the upper chambers (atria) of the heart. Research continues to explore the complex interplay of structural heart disease, systemic inflammation, and hormonal influences, such as thyroid dysfunction, on AFib incidence.

What is the Mechanism of Atrial Fibrillation?

The fundamental mechanism involves the formation of multiple, re-entrant electrical wavelets within the atrial myocardium, replacing the single, organized impulse from the sinoatrial node. This chaotic electrical activity prevents the atria from contracting effectively, leading to blood stagnation and clot formation, a key driver of stroke risk. Systemic factors, including hyperthyroidism, high cortisol levels, and chronic inflammation, can alter atrial tissue properties and autonomic nervous system tone, thus contributing to the initiation and perpetuation of the arrhythmia.

Atrial Fibrillation ∞ Area

Atrial Fibrillation

Meaning

Atrial Fibrillation (AFib) is a cardiac arrhythmia characterized by rapid, disorganized electrical signals originating in the atria, resulting in an irregular and often fast ventricular response. This common condition impairs the heart’s ability to pump blood efficiently, increasing the risk of stroke, heart failure, and other cardiovascular complications. Clinical diagnosis relies on electrocardiogram (ECG) confirmation of chaotic atrial activity and an irregularly irregular pulse.

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How Do Lifestyle Changes Influence Atrial Fibrillation Risk during TRT?

Lifestyle choices profoundly modulate cellular and neurohormonal pathways, orchestrating cardiac resilience and influencing atrial fibrillation risk during TRT.

∞ Atrial Fibrillation
∞ Epigenetic Modulation
∞ Cardiovascular Resilience