What is the Origin of Artificial Light Disruption?

The concept originates from the field of chronobiology, specifically focusing on the impact of modern electrification and electronic screens on human physiology. The recognition of non-visual photoreceptors, particularly the melanopsin-containing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs), is central to understanding its mechanism. The etymology combines the technological source ('Artificial Light') with the physiological outcome ('Disruption').

What is the Mechanism of Artificial Light Disruption?

Exposure to short-wavelength light, commonly blue light, in the evening suppresses the pineal gland's secretion of melatonin, the primary hormone regulating the sleep-wake cycle. This suppression occurs via the retinohypothalamic tract projecting to the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the master circadian clock. Consequently, the disruption shifts the phase of the circadian rhythm, negatively impacting downstream endocrine pulsatility and metabolic homeostasis.

Artificial Light Disruption ∞ Area

Artificial Light Disruption

Meaning

This term describes the adverse physiological and hormonal consequences resulting from inappropriate exposure to non-natural light spectra, particularly at night. It represents a misalignment between the environmental light cycle and the body’s intrinsic circadian rhythm, which is fundamentally governed by light cues. This chronic miscueing can impair the nocturnal rise of critical regulatory hormones and neurotransmitters.