What is the Origin of Apolipoprotein E?

The term is derived from 'Apolipoprotein,' which denotes the protein part of a fat-carrying lipoprotein complex, and the letter 'E,' which identifies this specific protein type. ApoE is an evolutionarily conserved protein, highlighting its fundamental biological role in managing lipid transport. Its clinical significance emerged with the understanding of its polymorphic nature and differential binding to lipoprotein receptors.

What is the Mechanism of Apolipoprotein E?

ApoE functions as a high-affinity ligand for the LDL receptor family, including the LDL receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1), facilitating the clearance of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein remnants from the circulation by the liver and other organs. The different ApoE isoforms exhibit varied binding affinities, with ApoE4 showing a distinct functional profile that impacts cholesterol delivery to the brain and peripheral tissues. This difference in receptor binding efficiency is the core mechanism underlying the varied health associations of the ApoE gene.

Apolipoprotein E

Meaning

Apolipoprotein E, or ApoE, is a protein component of lipoproteins, which are crucial complexes responsible for transporting cholesterol and other lipids throughout the bloodstream and into various tissues. This protein is essential for lipid homeostasis, but its three major genetic variants, or alleles (ApoE2, ApoE3, and ApoE4), are clinically significant risk factors. The ApoE genotype is particularly noted for its strong association with cardiovascular health and neurodegenerative risk.

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Apolipoprotein E

Meaning

Origin

Mechanism

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