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APOE-ε4 Allele

Meaning

The APOE-ε4 allele is a specific genetic variant of the Apolipoprotein E gene, a crucial lipid-transport protein, which is clinically recognized as the most significant common genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer’s disease. Individuals can inherit one or two copies of this allele, with the number of copies directly correlating with a reduced age of onset and increased lifetime risk for neurodegenerative pathology. This allele fundamentally impacts lipid metabolism and clearance processes within the central nervous system. Its presence informs personalized longevity and neurocognitive risk stratification.