What is the Origin of Antipsychotic Side Effects?

The effects originate from the pharmacological actions of antipsychotic agents on various neurotransmitter and hormone receptor systems across the central and peripheral nervous systems. This class of drugs, used extensively in psychiatry, often exhibits a broad affinity profile that extends beyond their primary therapeutic targets.

What is the Mechanism of Antipsychotic Side Effects?

Antipsychotics, particularly second-generation agents, commonly antagonize dopamine D2 receptors, which can lead to hyperprolactinemia by disinhibiting prolactin release from the pituitary gland. Furthermore, their affinity for histamine H1 and serotonin 5-HT2C receptors contributes to adverse metabolic changes, including weight gain, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance, thereby profoundly altering cardiometabolic and hormonal homeostasis.

Antipsychotic Side Effects ∞ Area

Antipsychotic Side Effects

Meaning

Clinical consequences arising from the use of psychotropic medications primarily targeting dopamine and serotonin receptors. These effects frequently manifest as metabolic and endocrine disturbances, profoundly impacting overall physiological balance and well-being.