Antiaging Therapeutic Agents are pharmacologic compounds, nutritional supplements, or biological substances specifically employed to target the fundamental molecular and cellular processes of aging. These agents are intended to delay the onset of age-related dysfunction, improve healthspan, and potentially extend overall lifespan. Clinical use focuses on addressing the hallmarks of aging, such as cellular senescence, epigenetic alterations, and proteostasis imbalance.
Origin
The origin of this therapeutic class lies in decades of basic science research identifying the molecular drivers of biological aging, particularly in model organisms. Early investigations into caloric restriction and its mimetics laid the groundwork for identifying specific pathways amenable to pharmacological intervention. Modern endocrinology utilizes these agents to stabilize age-related hormonal shifts and their systemic consequences.
Mechanism
These agents operate by intervening in critical biochemical pathways that govern cellular lifespan and resilience. For example, some agents enhance autophagy to clear damaged cellular components, while others act as senolytics to eliminate senescent cells that contribute to tissue inflammation. Many also modulate metabolic signaling pathways, influencing insulin sensitivity and NAD+ levels to restore youthful cellular energy dynamics.
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