Question 1

What is the Meaning of Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH)?

Accepted Answer

Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) is a dimeric glycoprotein primarily produced by the granulosa cells of small, growing follicles in the ovaries of reproductive-age women. Clinically, AMH serves as a crucial quantitative biomarker for ovarian reserve, reflecting the size of the remaining pool of primordial and preantral follicles. Its concentration in the serum correlates directly with the number of antral follicles available for recruitment in a given menstrual cycle. Low AMH levels often suggest diminished ovarian reserve, which is a significant factor in fertility assessments and planning for assisted reproductive technologies.

Question 2

What is the Origin of Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH)?

Accepted Answer

The term derives its name from the Müllerian ducts, which are embryonic structures destined to develop into the female reproductive tract (uterus, fallopian tubes, upper vagina). In male fetuses, AMH is produced by the Sertoli cells of the testes, playing a vital role in causing the regression of these Müllerian ducts. The hormone itself is part of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) superfamily of growth factors.

Question 3

What is the Mechanism of Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH)?

Accepted Answer

AMH exerts its primary action by regulating the recruitment and development of ovarian follicles, effectively inhibiting the transition of primordial follicles into the pool of growing follicles. This inhibitory function prevents the premature exhaustion of the finite ovarian reserve. Furthermore, AMH modulates the sensitivity of growing follicles to Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH), ensuring a controlled and orderly process of folliculogenesis. In men, its mechanism during development is the binding to the AMH type II receptor, initiating a signaling cascade that leads to the apoptosis and subsequent regression of the Müllerian structures.

Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH)

Meaning

Origin

Mechanism

For a Woman in Perimenopause What Is the Mechanical Reason Lifestyle Alone Cannot Restore Estrogen Production?

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