Android fat refers to the distribution pattern of adipose tissue predominantly located around the central trunk and upper body, creating an apple-shaped body profile. This central accumulation of fat is highly correlated with increased visceral adipose tissue, which is metabolically active and poses a higher health risk. The android pattern is more commonly observed in males, though it increases in females after menopause due to hormonal shifts. Clinically, it is a significant indicator of cardiometabolic risk factors.
Origin
The term derives from the Greek root ‘andr-‘, meaning man, reflecting its typical presentation as the male pattern of fat distribution. This classification system contrasts with the ‘gynoid’ or pear-shaped pattern, which is characteristic of lower-body fat accumulation. Early research by physician Jean Vague first highlighted the distinct metabolic risk associated with this specific type of body fat distribution.
Mechanism
Visceral adiposity in the android pattern is mechanistically linked to hormonal and metabolic dysregulation, creating a pro-inflammatory state. Adipose tissue in this region contains a higher concentration of the aromatase enzyme, which increases the conversion of circulating testosterone into estradiol. This process contributes to lower free testosterone levels in men and a negative feedback loop that promotes further fat storage and insulin resistance. The resulting chronic low-grade inflammation further drives cardiometabolic pathology.
Progesterone therapy, particularly with bioidentical forms, helps regulate fat distribution and reduce fluid retention by restoring key hormonal signals.
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