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Androgen Receptor (AR) Signaling

Meaning

Androgen Receptor (AR) Signaling describes the intricate cellular communication pathway initiated by the binding of androgen hormones, like testosterone and dihydrotestosterone, to the intracellular Androgen Receptor protein. This binding event acts as a molecular switch, initiating a cascade that ultimately regulates the transcription of specific genes within the cell nucleus. The integrity of this pathway is essential for the development and maintenance of male secondary sexual characteristics, the preservation of bone and muscle mass, and the regulated growth of androgen-sensitive tissues such as the prostate. Dysregulation in this system is a key driver in pathologies ranging from androgen insensitivity to prostate malignancy.