The comprehensive physiological and psychological consequences arising from sub-optimal circulating levels of androgens, such as testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), which are essential steroid hormones in both sexes. This deficiency state can manifest across multiple body systems, significantly affecting metabolic function, bone density, muscle mass, sexual health, and cognitive vitality. Clinical evaluation often reveals a pattern of non-specific symptoms that necessitate precise biochemical assessment for diagnosis and intervention.
Origin
The concept stems from the field of endocrinology, combining the Greek roots andr- (male) and -gen (producing) with the clinical understanding of deficiency and its impact on human homeostasis. It describes a hormonal imbalance where the body’s androgenic signaling falls below the necessary functional range for optimal health. This term is clinically relevant for conditions like hypogonadism in males and certain stages of aging in females.
Mechanism
Reduced androgen availability leads to diminished activation of intracellular androgen receptors in target tissues, including muscle, bone, brain, and adipose tissue. This decreased signaling alters gene expression, which in turn impairs anabolic processes, reduces neurotransmitter synthesis, and shifts the body’s energy balance toward catabolism and fat accumulation. The resultant physiological cascade contributes directly to the symptomatic burden observed in patients.
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