Anabolic resistance is a physiological state where the body’s tissues, particularly skeletal muscle, exhibit a diminished responsiveness to anabolic stimuli, such as amino acids and growth-promoting hormones. Mitigation refers to the clinical strategies employed to restore this sensitivity, thereby promoting protein synthesis and maintaining lean body mass. Effective mitigation is crucial for healthy aging, recovery from catabolic stress, and optimizing overall metabolic health.
Origin
The term originates from exercise physiology and geriatrics, where reduced muscle protein synthesis rates in older adults or those with chronic illness were first scientifically observed. The concept of ‘Anabolic Resistance’ describes the cellular inability to fully utilize nutritional and hormonal signals for tissue repair and growth. ‘Mitigation’ is a clinical term emphasizing the corrective, therapeutic intervention to counteract this deficit.
Mechanism
Mitigation strategies typically target underlying cellular defects, including chronic low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance, which interfere with the mTOR signaling pathway. This pathway is essential for initiating muscle protein synthesis. By improving cellular nutrient sensing, enhancing blood flow, and modulating inflammatory signals, the goal is to increase the phosphorylation of key signaling proteins. Restoring receptor sensitivity to hormones like insulin and testosterone allows the anabolic process to proceed efficiently, overcoming the inherent resistance.
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