Question 1

What is the Meaning of Alpha-Klotho?

Accepted Answer

Alpha-Klotho is a single-pass transmembrane protein and a circulating endocrine factor fundamentally recognized for its role as an anti-aging protein. This pleiotropic molecule acts as a co-receptor for Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 (FGF23), primarily governing phosphate and vitamin D homeostasis in the body. Its soluble form circulates in the bloodstream, exerting protective effects across various organ systems, including the cardiovascular and renal tissues. Decreased levels of Alpha-Klotho are often correlated with the onset and progression of age-related diseases and chronic organ dysfunction.

Question 2

What is the Origin of Alpha-Klotho?

Accepted Answer

The term Alpha-Klotho derives from the Greek mythological figure Klotho, one of the three Fates who spun the thread of life. This nomenclature was chosen because the gene's discovery in mice demonstrated that its deficiency led to a syndrome resembling accelerated aging, dramatically shortening the organism's lifespan. Its physiological function is intrinsically tied to the endocrine system's regulatory mechanisms for mineral balance.

Question 3

What is the Mechanism of Alpha-Klotho?

Accepted Answer

The protein functions principally as an obligatory co-receptor with the Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor (FGFR) family to bind the hormone FGF23. This complex signaling cascade occurs predominantly in the kidney, where it suppresses the production of active vitamin D and increases phosphate excretion, thus maintaining mineral balance. Soluble Alpha-Klotho, cleaved from the cell surface, circulates independently of FGF23 to inhibit insulin and IGF-1 signaling, thereby modulating cellular metabolism and enhancing resistance to oxidative stress.

Alpha-Klotho

Meaning

Origin

Mechanism

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