What is the Origin of Allostasis to Overload Transition?

This term is rooted in the neuroendocrine stress model developed by McEwen, extending the original concept of allostasis, which comes from the Greek allo (variable) and stasis (stability). Allostasis describes the process of achieving stability through change, while the transition to overload signifies the failure of this adaptive mechanism. It highlights the profound systemic consequences when the HPA axis is chronically challenged without adequate recovery.

What is the Mechanism of Allostasis to Overload Transition?

The transition is mechanistically driven by the sustained hyper- or hypo-activation of primary neuroendocrine mediators, including excessive cortisol, catecholamines, and inflammatory cytokines. This chronic exposure causes receptor desensitization and downstream metabolic damage, moving the body's set points away from optimal ranges. Ultimately, the cumulative impact of these dysregulated signals leads to allostatic load, manifesting as impaired immune function and metabolic dysfunction.

Allostasis to Overload Transition ∞ Area

Allostasis to Overload Transition

Meaning

The Allostasis to Overload Transition represents the critical shift in physiological status from successful, adaptive stability to a state of chronic, detrimental wear and tear on the body’s regulatory systems. This transition occurs when the cumulative energetic cost of managing persistent stressors overwhelms the body’s capacity for allostasis, leading to dysregulation. Clinically, it marks the point where adaptive hormonal responses cease to be protective and begin to cause pathological changes in target tissues. This is a crucial concept for understanding the root cause of many age-related hormonal declines.