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Allostasis and Homeostatic Setpoints

Meaning

Homeostatic setpoints represent the narrow, optimal physiological range for specific internal variables, such as core body temperature or blood pH, which the body actively maintains through negative feedback loops. Allostasis, conversely, describes the process of achieving stability through physiological change, representing the body’s capacity to adjust these setpoints in response to chronic or acute environmental demands. This adaptive capacity is essential for survival, yet its overuse can lead to allostatic load, a measurable physiological wear and tear.