What is the Origin of Allopregnanolone?

The name reflects its chemical structure, stemming from the 'pregnane' steroid nucleus, modified by the 'allo-' prefix indicating a stereochemical difference from its precursor, pregnanolone. Its identification stems from neuropharmacological research seeking endogenous modulators of inhibitory neurotransmission. This classification places it firmly within the steroid hormone metabolite family.

What is the Mechanism of Allopregnanolone?

Allopregnanolone enhances the function of the inhibitory neurotransmitter $text{GABA}$ by binding to a site distinct from the $text{GABA}$ binding pocket on the receptor complex. This positive allosteric modulation increases the frequency of chloride ion channel opening, leading to neuronal hyperpolarization and reduced firing rates. In the context of hormonal health, fluctuations in its levels are linked to mood states, particularly those related to the menstrual cycle or perimenopause.

Allopregnanolone

Meaning

Allopregnanolone is a naturally occurring neurosteroid, a derivative synthesized from progesterone, recognized for its potent modulatory effects within the central nervous system. It functions as an allosteric modulator of $text{GABA}_{text{A}}$ receptors, significantly influencing neuronal excitability. This compound is endogenously produced in the brain and adrenal glands, separate from peripheral steroidogenesis pathways. Its presence is often correlated with anxiolytic and sedative effects.