The aging population refers to the demographic shift characterized by an increasing proportion of older individuals within a society, typically defined as those aged 65 years and older. This demographic trend has profound implications for public health, resource allocation, and the clinical focus on age-related physiological changes. Understanding the hormonal shifts and metabolic vulnerabilities within this group is essential for developing effective longevity strategies and personalized care models.
Origin
This sociological and demographic term originated in the mid-20th century as advancements in sanitation, nutrition, and medical care led to significant increases in life expectancy globally. The shift highlights a clinical need to address the unique health challenges associated with immunosenescence, sarcopenia, and the decline in endocrine reserve. This context emphasizes preventative health measures over purely reactive disease management.
Mechanism
Physiologically, the phenomenon is driven by decreased mortality rates and often lower fertility rates, leading to an expansion of the upper age brackets. On an individual level, the aging process is marked by cellular senescence, telomere shortening, and progressive decline in the responsiveness of hormonal axes, such as the somatotropic and gonadal systems. These biological changes collectively contribute to the increased frailty and complex health needs observed in the aging population.
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