The physiological reduction in the pulsatile secretion of growth hormone (GH), or somatotropin, that occurs progressively with advancing chronological age is defined as Age-Related Somatotropin Decline. This decline is a key endocrinological change associated with the clinical syndrome known as somatopause, leading to measurable alterations in body composition and metabolic function. Clinically, this phenomenon is characterized by significantly lower basal and stimulated GH levels, reflecting a diminished secretory output from the anterior pituitary gland. The progressive loss of this anabolic signal contributes directly to sarcopenia and visceral adiposity.
Origin
The term combines “age-related,” indicating a connection to the natural process of human aging, with “somatotropin decline,” referring to the measurable decrease in Somatotropin, which is the chemical name for Growth Hormone (GH). It belongs to the specialized field of gerontology and clinical endocrinology, specifically addressing the hormonal changes observed in later life. This biological reality highlights the intrinsic link between the hypothalamic-pituitary axis function and human healthspan. The concept has gained prominence as a target for longevity and anti-aging interventions.
Mechanism
The primary mechanism involves changes at the hypothalamic level, specifically a reduction in the amplitude of Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone (GHRH) pulses and an increase in inhibitory somatostatin tone. This altered neuroendocrine signaling diminishes the pituitary’s responsiveness to stimulation, resulting in smaller and less frequent GH secretory bursts, particularly those naturally associated with deep sleep. Consequently, the downstream production of Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) in the liver also decreases, mediating many of the systemic catabolic effects observed in older adults.
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