Age-Related Signal Decay describes the progressive deterioration in the efficiency and fidelity of intercellular communication pathways that occurs with advancing age. This decline impacts the ability of cells, tissues, and organ systems to accurately send, receive, and interpret crucial molecular messages. It represents a fundamental breakdown in the sophisticated biological network that maintains homeostasis and adaptive capacity. Clinically, this manifests as reduced hormonal sensitivity and slower systemic response to stimuli.
Origin
The concept stems from foundational endocrinology and cellular biology, where signal transduction mechanisms are recognized as central to all physiological processes. The term specifically highlights the aging-related component of this breakdown, linking the decline of endocrine and neuroendocrine function to reduced cellular responsiveness. It provides a crucial framework for understanding why standard physiological feedback loops become less robust over time.
Mechanism
This decay involves multiple pathways, including the downregulation of specific cell surface receptors, impaired intracellular second messenger systems, and a decrease in the pulsatility or amplitude of hormonal release. For instance, reduced receptor density for growth hormone or thyroid hormones diminishes the target tissue’s ability to respond, even when hormone levels are nominally within range. The resulting poor communication contributes directly to systemic dysregulation, impacting metabolism, immune function, and neurocognition.
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