What is the Origin of Age-Related Hypogonadism?

The concept emerged from observations of predictable, gradual reductions in circulating sex hormone levels with advancing age in both sexes, a phenomenon recognized clinically for decades. The term itself is a diagnostic label used in endocrinology to classify this specific form of endocrine decline separate from congenital or acquired pathology. It reflects the physiological changes inherent to the aging process within the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis.

What is the Mechanism of Age-Related Hypogonadism?

The mechanism involves a complex interplay of central and peripheral factors, primarily a combination of primary testicular or ovarian aging and altered pituitary-hypothalamic feedback sensitivity. Leydig cell function in the testes or follicular reserve in the ovaries diminishes, leading to reduced steroidogenesis. Concurrently, changes in GnRH pulse amplitude and frequency from the hypothalamus contribute to a less effective signaling cascade, resulting in lower circulating bioactive hormone concentrations.

Age-Related Hypogonadism

Meaning

A clinical condition characterized by a decline in gonadal function, specifically the age-associated decrease in the production of sex hormones like testosterone or estrogen, which is not due to a primary hypothalamic-pituitary disorder or a primary gonadal failure. This is distinct from classical hypogonadism and is often referred to as late-onset hypogonadism in men or the menopausal transition in women. Symptoms can include reduced libido, fatigue, decreased muscle mass, and changes in mood or cognitive function.