What is the Origin of Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis?

The term combines "adult," indicating occurrence beyond developmental stages, with "hippocampal," referring to the brain structure involved, and "neurogenesis," derived from the Greek words "neuron" (nerve) and "genesis" (creation or origin). This scientific concept emerged from groundbreaking research in the late 20th century, challenging the long-held dogma that the adult brain was incapable of producing new neurons. It fundamentally links structural plasticity in the central nervous system to overall physiological and psychological well-being.

What is the Mechanism of Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis?

The process begins with the proliferation of neural stem cells, followed by their differentiation into neuroblasts, which then mature into functional granule neurons. Endogenous hormones, such as glucocorticoids and sex steroids, exert a significant modulatory influence on the rate of cell survival and differentiation within this niche. Physical activity, caloric restriction, and certain growth factors, including Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), are potent promoters of neurogenesis. This mechanism serves as a critical biological substrate for the adaptive capacity of the brain in response to environmental and physiological stimuli.

Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis

Meaning

Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis refers to the process by which new functional neurons are generated from neural stem cells and progenitor cells within the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus in the adult mammalian brain. This physiological phenomenon is crucial for maintaining cognitive function, particularly in relation to learning, memory consolidation, and mood regulation. Its integrity is increasingly recognized as a vital component of neurobiological health and resilience against age-related cognitive decline. Impairment in this process is often observed in clinical states like chronic stress, depression, and certain neurodegenerative disorders.

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Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis

Meaning

Origin

Mechanism

Bio-Hacking Your Focus with Hormetic Stress

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How Do 5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitors Affect Neurosteroid Pathways in the Brain?

Can Lifestyle Interventions like Diet and Exercise Mitigate the Structural Brain Changes Associated with Hormonal Decline?

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