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Adrenal-Brain Axis

Meaning

The Adrenal-Brain Axis, often referred to within the broader context of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis, represents a critical bidirectional neuroendocrine pathway that governs the body’s physiological response to stress. This intricate communication system integrates central nervous system activity with the peripheral endocrine function of the adrenal glands. It maintains homeostasis by modulating the release of glucocorticoids, particularly cortisol, in response to perceived or actual stressors. Proper functioning of this axis is essential for adaptation, energy allocation, and immune system regulation.