What is the Origin of Adrenal Androgen Decline?

The term combines "adrenal," referring to the adrenal glands, with "androgen," denoting the class of steroid hormones, and "decline," indicating a measurable reduction over time. It is rooted in endocrinology and gerontology, describing a predictable, systemic change in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis output. The recognition of this specific age-related glandular change led to its clinical designation.

What is the Mechanism of Adrenal Androgen Decline?

The decline is primarily attributed to age-related structural and enzymatic changes within the adrenal zona reticularis, the specific site of DHEA synthesis. A reduction in the activity of key enzymes, particularly 17,20-lyase, diminishes the conversion of precursors into adrenal androgens. This reduced output significantly impacts the peripheral availability of substrates for subsequent sex hormone synthesis in various target tissues. Consequently, the entire anabolic reserve of the system is compromised.

Adrenal Androgen Decline ∞ Area

Adrenal Androgen Decline

Meaning

The physiological reduction in the production of androgens, such as DHEA and DHEA-S, by the adrenal cortex is known as Adrenal Androgen Decline. This age-related phenomenon, frequently termed adrenopause, is a natural component of human senescence. It signifies a measurable, progressive decrease in the circulating levels of these critical precursor hormones. This decline often contributes to changes in energy, mood, and body composition.