The predictable, often rhythmic, temporal release profile of signaling molecules, known as adipokines, that are secreted from adipose tissue. These patterns are crucial for maintaining systemic metabolic and inflammatory balance across the 24-hour cycle. Deviations in these established rhythms can indicate or contribute to endocrine dysfunction and the progression of metabolic syndrome.
Origin
The term combines “adipokine,” referring to hormones produced by adipose (fat) tissue, with “secretion patterns,” which denotes the measurable, time-dependent release dynamics studied in endocrinology and chronobiology. Its clinical relevance stems from the foundational discovery that fat tissue functions as an active, time-sensitive endocrine organ, not merely a passive energy reservoir.
Mechanism
Adipokine secretion is tightly regulated by the local tissue clock within the adipocytes, which is synchronized by the central SCN pacemaker and responds to cues like nutrient availability and the sleep-wake cycle. Key adipokines, such as leptin and adiponectin, exhibit distinct circadian rhythms, directly influencing appetite regulation, insulin sensitivity, and the overall efficiency of energy expenditure throughout the day. Disrupting this hormonal rhythmicity negatively impacts whole-body physiology.
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