Adipokine Secretion refers to the dynamic release of biologically active signaling molecules, known as adipokines, from adipose tissue, which is commonly understood as body fat. These molecules function as critical hormones and cytokines, exerting profound effects on systemic metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and inflammatory status throughout the body. Recognizing fat tissue as a complex endocrine organ is fundamental to understanding its role in overall physiological balance.
Origin
The term is rooted in endocrinology and cellular physiology, combining “adipo,” derived from the Latin adeps for fat, with “kine,” from the Greek kinos for movement, which denotes a signaling molecule. This nomenclature emerged as research shifted from viewing fat as inert storage to recognizing its dynamic, communicative function within the neuroendocrine system. This conceptual shift highlights the critical link between adiposity and hormonal health.
Mechanism
Adipocytes, the primary cells of adipose tissue, synthesize and excrete a diverse array of peptides, including key regulators like leptin, adiponectin, and various pro-inflammatory cytokines, directly into the systemic circulation. This secretion process is finely regulated by the body’s nutritional status, the degree of insulin action, and local inflammatory signals within the tissue microenvironment. When adipose tissue mass is excessive or dysfunctional, the resulting dysregulated adipokine profile often contributes directly to chronic metabolic disorders and systemic hormonal disruption.
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