What is the Origin of ADH?

The term ADH is an acronym for Antidiuretic Hormone, highlighting its function to counteract diuresis, which is the increased production of urine. Vasopressin derives its name from its secondary function of vasoconstriction, meaning it constricts blood vessels. This hormone originates from the magnocellular neurons within the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus.

What is the Mechanism of ADH?

ADH exerts its effect primarily on the renal collecting ducts by binding to V2 receptors, which triggers the insertion of aquaporin-2 water channels into the apical membrane. This action significantly increases the permeability of the tubules to water, facilitating water reabsorption back into the bloodstream. Consequently, the urine becomes more concentrated, helping to conserve body water and maintain plasma osmolality within a narrow, healthy range.

ADH ∞ Area

ADH

Meaning

Antidiuretic Hormone, also known as vasopressin, is a peptide hormone produced in the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary gland. Its primary role in human physiology is to regulate the body’s water balance and blood pressure. Clinical assessment of ADH levels is crucial in diagnosing disorders of water metabolism, such as diabetes insipidus or the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). Maintaining optimal hydration is directly linked to the effective functioning of this vital endocrine messenger.