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17α-Hydroxylase

Meaning

17α-Hydroxylase, scientifically known as CYP17A1, is a pivotal enzyme within the steroidogenesis pathway, fundamentally responsible for synthesizing key sex hormones and glucocorticoids. This cytochrome P450 enzyme catalyzes two distinct and sequential reactions: the 17α-hydroxylation of pregnenolone and progesterone, and the subsequent 17,20-lyase cleavage. Its precise function is essential for the production of androgens, estrogens, and cortisol within the adrenal glands and gonads. Disruptions in this enzyme’s activity can lead to significant clinical syndromes affecting blood pressure regulation and sexual development, underscoring its critical role in systemic hormonal balance.